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Acquisition Debt and Cash-Flow Scenarios

Model funding, lender payments, seller-note timing, balloon risk and monthly cash needs from your own assumptions.

Your inputs stay in this page. Calculations run in your browser. Financial figures are not sent to the website, saved in your browser, or placed in a URL. Downloading a scenario creates a local file.

Uses of funds

Purchase price ($)Working capital funded at closing ($)Fees and closing costs ($)One-time fleet/equipment catch-up ($)Other uses of funds ($)

Sources of funds

Lender principal is the remaining funding gap. Include a cash reserve in uses if funding is intended to provide it.

Buyer equity ($)Seller-note principal ($)Other sources ($)

Lender loan

Lender nominal annual interest (%)Enter the rate from a written lender quote; no current rate is assumed.Lender amortization (years)Lender payment frequencyThe nominal rate is divided by payments per year. Lender maturity equals amortization in this tool.

Seller-note payment and standby terms

A seller note is funding and potentially debt service. Maturity may create a balloon. Leave principal at zero when no note is proposed.

Seller-note nominal annual interest (%)Seller-note amortization (years)First seller payment (month after close)Seller maturity (month after close)Interest before seller payments beginThese are scenario settings. Confirm standby, subordination and interest terms with the lender and counsel.

Annual cash available and downside

Normalized annual EBITDA ($)Annual maintenance capital spending ($)Annual cash taxes ($)Other annual cash needs ($)Include working-capital investment if it is not already reflected elsewhere.Cash available after closing ($)Downside change in annual cash available (%)

Monthly liquidity assumptions

Include a twelve-month cash schedule

Enter actual expected receipts and cash payments by month. Operating payments exclude the taxes, capex and debt service entered separately. Do not deduct a working-capital change twice when direct cash receipts/payments already include it. Positive working-capital investment uses cash; a negative value releases cash.

Month	Receipts ($)	Operating ($)	Taxes ($)	Capex ($)	WC cash ($)
1
2
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5
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Payment periods and cash flow

A nominal annual rate is divided by payments per year. The loan is fully amortizing over the stated term. Rates are scenario inputs and may not represent any currently available loan. Fees are uses of funds; the displayed nominal rate is not a calculated APR. A variable-rate quote needs separate reset scenarios.

i = nominal annual rate / payments per year
Payment = principal × i / (1 − (1+i)^−number of payments)
At zero interest: payment = principal / number of payments
Coverage = defined annual cash available / all debt payments due in the first twelve months

Seller payments are monthly. Interest before the first payment may be waived, added as simple interest or compounded monthly according to the selected scenario. At the first payment, the accumulated balance amortizes over the entered seller term. Any remaining balance is due at maturity. The schedule shows the balloon separately and includes it in that month's cash payment.

Independent worked checks

A hypothetical $1,475,000 loan at 10% nominal interest, monthly payments and ten-year amortization requires about $19,492.23 monthly, or $233,906.80 over twelve months before payment-rounding adjustments. Annual payments under the same nominal annual rate instead require $240,049.46 per year. A $100,000 note at 8%, five-year monthly amortization, first payment in month 1 and maturity in month 24 has a balloon of about $64,705.64 after its 24th regular payment.

Annual coverage and monthly liquidity are different checks

The downside case changes the annual cash-available subtotal by the stated percentage while holding scheduled debt constant. It is a sensitivity, not a full operating forecast. The optional monthly schedule uses direct cash assumptions; it does not divide annual earnings by twelve. Reconcile the monthly cash-before-debt total with the annual cash-available definition. A discrepancy is shown rather than silently forced to zero.

No debt means coverage is not applicable. Zero interest is valid; a missing rate is not zero. This tool does not establish SBA eligibility, permitted equity or seller-note treatment, collateral, guarantees or lender approval. Confirm exact written terms. It does not model a separate early lender balloon, taxes from a business sale, or events after the entered horizon.

Continue with the evidence

Read the companion guide

Download the editable workbook

Primary references

Program scope: SBA 7(a). Program eligibility and note treatment require lender confirmation.

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